🔒 Zipper Teeth Types in Garment Construction: Coil, Metal, and Plastic Explained
Choosing the correct zipper teeth type is essential in garment development. Zipper performance depends largely on the structure and material of the teeth. The three primary zipper teeth types used in apparel are:
- Loop (Coil) Teeth
- Metal Teeth
- Plastic (Molded) Teeth
Each type has specific structural advantages depending on fabric weight, garment function, and environmental exposure.
🔹 1️⃣ Loop (Coil) Zipper Teeth
Loop-type teeth, also called coil zippers, are made from nylon or polyester filament sewn onto zipper tape in a spiral formation.
✔ Key Characteristics:
- Lightweight
- Flexible
- Smooth operation
- Less rigid than metal
✔ Common Applications:
- Skirts
- Dresses
- Lightweight jackets
- Pockets
- Soft knit garments
✔ Invisible Zippers
Invisible zippers are a subtype of coil zipper. When closed:
- The teeth roll to the back
- The seam appears clean and uninterrupted
- Only the puller is visible
📌 Ideal for:
- Formal dresses
- Bridalwear
- Skirts
- Minimalist garments
🔸 2️⃣ Metal Zipper Teeth
Metal zippers are constructed from stamped metal teeth attached individually to zipper tape.
Common metals include:
- Copper (brass)
- Nickel
- Aluminum
✔ Copper (Brass) Teeth:
- Extremely durable
- Corrosion resistant
- Preferred for heavy-duty garments
✔ Common Applications:
- Workwear
- Denim jeans
- Heavy jackets
- Industrial garments
⚠ Aluminum Teeth:
- Lightweight but less durable
- Prone to corrosion
- May fade over time
Metal zippers provide strong structural integrity but are heavier than other types.
🔹 3️⃣ Plastic (Molded) Zipper Teeth
Plastic tooth zippers are made from molded synthetic resin teeth.
✔ Key Advantages:
- Medium-weight durability
- More lightweight than metal
- Do not freeze in cold climates
- Better insulation than metal
✔ Common Applications:
- Winter jackets
- Outdoor garments
- Medium-weight coats
- Children’s outerwear
Because plastic teeth do not conduct cold like metal, they are ideal for winter garments.
🔸 4️⃣ Waterproof Zippers (Specialized Type)
Certain specialized zippers are:
- Fully waterproof
- Seam-sealed
- Coated with polyurethane
These are primarily used in:
- Underwater suits
- Diving apparel
- Technical outdoor gear
- High-performance sportswear
They prevent water penetration through both the teeth and zipper tape.
🔹 Comparison Table: Zipper Teeth Types
| Feature | Loop (Coil) | Metal | Plastic (Molded) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weight | Lightest | Heaviest | Medium |
| Flexibility | High | Low | Medium |
| Durability | Moderate | Very High | High |
| Cold Resistance | Good | Poor (conducts cold) | Excellent |
| Best For | Dresses, skirts | Denim, workwear | Winter outerwear |
🔸 Design Selection Guide
When choosing zipper teeth type, consider:
- Fabric weight
- Climate exposure
- Garment function
- Aesthetic goal
- Cost considerations
- Durability requirements
A well-chosen zipper enhances garment performance, comfort, and longevity.
